Antennas as Arrays of Current Sources 39.3 Pattern Multiplication and Array Factor 39.4 Collinear Antennas and Vertical-Plane Pattern Control 40.5 Directivity and Beam Width for Omnidirectional Antennas 41.6 Array Antennas Collinear Array and Fourier Transform Horizontal-Plane Pattern Directivity Aperture Antennas: Two-Dimensional Transforms 45.7 Pattern Shaping of High-Gain Collinear Antennas 46.8 Multiple-Beam Antennas Matrix-Fed Multiple-Beam Antenna Designs Smart Antennas 51.9 Proximity Effects in Antennas Treating Scatterers as Infinitely Long Cylinders Modeling the Finite-Length Scatterer Measured and Calculated Patterns Involving Cylindrical Scatterers Application to an Antenna Mounted on the Side of a Tower Effect of Antenna Distortion on Coverage Range Parasitically Driven Array Antennas Indoor Fixed Sites Wireless Local-Area Network Fixed Sites Gain Antennas for UWB Pulses Summary 68 Problems 69 References 73 3 Radio Communication Channel Introduction 77ġ0 Contents ix 3. Personal Communications Electromagnetics Fundamentals Maxwell s Equations Boundary Conditions Vector and Scalar Potentials Radiation from a Sinusoidally Excited Current Element Duality in Maxwell s Equations Current Loop for Sinusoidal Excitation Radiation of a UWB Elementary Dipole and Loop Radiation Zones Basic Radiowave and Antenna Parameters Summary 30 Problems 30 References 35 viiĩ viii Radiowave Propagation and Antennas for Personal Communications Fixed-Site Antennas 37.1 Introduction 37. Yassi Moim Rodzicom Janowi i Bronislawie KaiĨ Contents Preface to the First Edition Preface to the Second Edition Preface to the Third Edition ix xiii xvii 1 Introduction Introduction and Historical Perspective 1 1. Use of a term in this book should not be regarded as affecting the validity of any trademark or service markĦ To my family for their support and guidance, my mom for teaching me patience, and my dad for teaching me perseverance. Artech House cannot attest to the accuracy of this information. All terms mentioned in this book that are known to be trademarks or service marks have been appropriately capitalized. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Printed and bound in the United States of America. 685 Canton Street Norwood, MA 006 All rights reserved. ISBN 13: Cover design by Igor Valdman 007 ARTECH HOUSE, INC. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record of this book is available at the British Library. comĥ Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A catalog record of this book is available from the Library of Congress. 2 Radiowave Propagation and Antennas for Personal Communications Third Editionģ For a complete listing of the Artech House Mobile Communications Library, turn to the back of this book.Ĥ Radiowave Propagation and Antennas for Personal Communications Third Edition Kazimierz Siwiak Yasaman Bahreini a r techhouse.
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